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Automatic Transmission Servicing
Automatic transmissions are a great
invention, but because of their increased complexity compared to manual
transmissions and transaxles, they often require periodic maintenance or
repairs (which ever comes first).
In recent years, the vehicle
manufacturers have extended service intervals and downplayed the
importance of preventive maintenance. Many newer vehicles have no
recommended service interval for changing the fluid or filter in the
transmission. The latest generation of automatic transmission
fluids (ATFs) have increased oxidation resistance for improved
longevity. Even so, that doesn't mean the fluid can be neglected
forever, especially if driving conditions push the fluid's temperature
above safe limits.
Heat is the enemy of ATF. As the
operating temperature goes up, the fluid's service life goes down.
Oxidation, viscosity breakdown and degradation of the friction modifying
additives reduce the fluid's ability to do its job. Eventually the
fluid can no longer provide proper lubrication and the transmission
fails.
Fluid contamination from normal wear is
another concern. Friction debris from the clutch packs plus
metallic debris from bearings and gears accumulate in the fluid over
time. Some filters will trap most of this debris, but most Asian
transmissions only have a plastic or metal strainer that does little to
protect the transmission against internal contaminants. On such
vehicles, changing the fluid is the only way to get rid of the
contaminants.
So what if the fluid is never replaced?
Sooner or later the transmission will fail. Ask any transmission
shop what the number one cause of transmission failure is and they'll
tell you it's fluid neglect. Not changing the fluid and filter
often enough (or ever) causes more transmission problems and failures
than anything else. That's why most transmission experts still
recommend changing the fluid and filter every two to three years or
24,000 to 36,000 miles or once a year or every 15,000 miles if a vehicle
is used for towing or other server service use.
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